
Junglefowl
Gallus
Junglefowl are the four extant species of bird from the genus Gallus in the order Galliformes. They occur in parts of South and Southeast Asia. One of the species in this genus, the red junglefowl, is of historical importance as the direct ancestor of the chicken, although the grey junglefowl, Sri Lankan junglefowl and green junglefowl are likely to have also been involved. The Sri Lankan junglefowl is the national bird of Sri Lanka. They diverged from their common ancestor about 4–6 million years ago. Although originating in Asia, junglefowl bones have also been found in Chile, which date back to 1321–1407 CE, providing evidence of possible Polynesian migration through the Pacific Ocean.
Junglefowl are omnivorous, eating a variety of leaves, plant matter, invertebrates, and occasionally mice and frogs. They are large birds, with colourful plumage in males, but are often difficult to see in the dense vegetation they inhabit.
14 branches of this genus, most-observed first · about 4 known species

Red Junglefowl
speciesGallus gallus

Sri Lanka Junglefowl
speciesGallus lafayettii

Grey Junglefowl
speciesGallus sonneratii

Green Junglefowl
speciesGallus varius

Gallus gallus × lafayettii × sonneratii
hybridGallus gallus × lafayettii × sonneratii

Gallus gallus × lafayettii
hybridGallus gallus × lafayettii

Red × Green Junglefowl
hybridGallus gallus × varius

Gallus lafayettii × sonneratii
hybridGallus lafayettii × sonneratii

Red × Grey Junglefowl
hybridGallus gallus × sonneratii
Gallus gallus × sonneratii × varius
hybridGallus gallus × sonneratii × varius
Gallus sonneratii × varius
hybridGallus sonneratii × varius
Gallus gallus × lafayettii × sonneratii × varius
hybridGallus gallus × lafayettii × sonneratii × varius
Gallus gallus × lafayettii × varius
hybridGallus gallus × lafayettii × varius
Gallus lafayettii × varius
hybridGallus lafayettii × varius
Where it lives
Recorded sightings
—
geo-referenced records in GBIF, from museums, herbaria and field observers.
Drag the globe to turn it. Dots are where records exist, not a range map; darker means more records.
In the old herbals & bestiaries

Serpentum et Draconum Historiae
Ulisse Aldrovandi · 1640 · p.80

Mundus Subterraneus
Athanasius Kircher · 1678 · p.562

History of Serpents and Dragons
Ulisse Aldrovandi · 1640 · p.72

History of Animals, Book I: On Viviparous Quadrupeds
Conrad Gessner · 1554 · p.659

Introductory Book
Michael Scot · 1350 · p.196

Garden of Health (Hortus Sanitatis)
Jacob Meydenbach · 1491 · p.575

History of Animals, Book I: On Viviparous Quadrupeds
Conrad Gessner · 1554 · p.663

History of Animals, Book I: On Viviparous Quadrupeds
Conrad Gessner · 1554 · p.662

History of Animals, Book I: On Viviparous Quadrupeds
Conrad Gessner · 1554 · p.958

Historiae Animalium Liber III: De Avium Natura
Conrad Gesner · 1555 · p.813

Noah's Ark
Athanasius Kircher · 1675 · p.130

History of Monsters
Ulisse Aldrovandi · 1642 · p.338
In the stacks
Searching the stacks…
Every page naming Gallus in the Biodiversity Heritage Library →
This page is assembled live from iNaturalist, GBIF, Wikipedia, the Source Library and the Internet Archive. It is not yet part of the hand-edited codex. iNaturalist taxon 879.