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NL·0508AnimalsLaniidaeBird18,190 field observations
Long-tailed shrikeNL·0508
Plate 1 of 5. (c) D.A. Ostiarius, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by D.A. Ostiarius · via iNaturalist

Herbarium of the Nature Library

Name
Lanius schach
Family
Laniidae
Native to
Kazakhstan and Iran through Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and Nepal to China, Southeast Asia and New Guinea
Habitat
Scrub, Farmland, Open woodland
IUCN LC · Least concern

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Long-tailed Shrike

Live sightings near you, the range map, bar charts of when it is seen, and Macaulay Library photos and recordings.

Long-tailed shrike

Lanius schach

Also calledLahtora (Hindi/Urdu) · Zōng bèi bóláo 棕背伯劳 (Chinese) · Rufous-backed shrike

A predatory songbird with a black bandit mask and a rufous back, which perches on bushes and wires to pounce on insects, lizards and small birds. Like other shrikes it impales surplus prey on thorns as a larder.

The long-tailed shrike or rufous-backed shrike is a member of the bird family Laniidae, the shrikes. They are found widely distributed across Asia and there are variations in plumage across the range. The species ranges across much of Asia, both on the mainland and the eastern archipelagos. The eastern or Himalayan subspecies, L. s. tricolor, is sometimes called the black-headed shrike. Although there are considerable differences in plumage among the subspecies, they all have a long and narrow black tail, have a black mask and forehead, rufous rump and flanks and a small white patch on the shoulder. It is considered to form a superspecies with the grey-backed shrike which breeds on the Tibetan Plateau. Wikipedia

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What it can do

  1. iImpales prey on thorns and barbed wire for storage and to tear it apart
  2. iiMimics the calls of other birds within its song
  3. iiiTakes vertebrate prey as large as small birds and mice
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In the field

Field marks

  • aBlack mask through the eye, grey crown and nape
  • bRufous back, rump and flanks
  • cLong, graduated black tail with pale edges
  • dHooked black bill; small white wing patch
Voice
Harsh 'chaak' and grating calls; song is a quiet, rambling warble with much mimicry
Not to be confused with
Bay-backed shrike is smaller with a black forehead and maroon back; Isabelline shrike is sandy-brown; Grey-backed shrike (Himalaya) has an all-grey back.
Where to see it
Hedgerows and farmland across Punjab, Islamabad's sector parks and northern Pakistan valleys in summer; widespread in India and Sri Lanka in winter
When
Resident or partly migratory; northern breeders move south in winter
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Listen

Looking for field recordings…

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Life & habits

Diet
Large insects, lizards, small birds, rodents and frogs
Habitat
Open scrub, cultivation, gardens and hedgerows
Size
About 25 cm long

Sits upright on exposed perches, swinging its long tail, then drops on prey; males defend territories with harsh calls and songs full of mimicry.

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Where it lives

Recorded sightings

—

geo-referenced records in GBIF, from museums, herbaria and field observers.

Native range

Kazakhstan and Iran through Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and Nepal to China, Southeast Asia and New Guinea

Drag the globe to turn it. Dots are where records exist, not a range map; darker means more records.

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In the old herbals & bestiaries

No plate in the Source Library names this exact species, so these show its closest relatives as the old naturalists drew them: same genus, or the same kind of animal. Click a plate to read the page it came from, with translation.

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In the stacks

Searching the stacks…

Every page naming Lanius schach in the Biodiversity Heritage Library →

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Marginalia

The shrike habit of impaling prey earned the family the English folk name 'butcher-bird'.
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Kinship

  1. kingdomAnimalia
  2. ›phylumChordata
  3. ›subphylumVertebrata
  4. ›classAves
  5. ›orderPasseriformes
  6. ›familyLaniidae
  7. ›genusLanius
Open its branch on the Wheel of Life →

Photographs: iNaturalist contributors under the licences shown. Records: GBIF.org. Historical plates: Source Library (CC BY-SA 4.0; originals public domain). Summary text: Nature Library editors and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA). Medicinal and edibility notes are historical and educational, not advice. iNaturalist taxon 12035.