Paratylenchus hamatus
Paratylenchus hamatus, the fig pin nematode, is a species of migratory plant endoparasites, that causes lesions on plant roots resulting in symptoms of chlorosis, wilting and ultimately yield losses. They move and feed on different parts of host tissue throughout their life cycle in order to find enough susceptible host tissue to survive and reproduce. A wide range of host plant species are susceptible to the fig pin nematode, including many valuable fruit and vegetable crops such as figs, carrots and celery. They are also commonly found associated with woody perennials in California. P. hamatus inhabits soils in both Europe and North America, and was originally isolated from fig in central California in 1950.
From the article Paratylenchus hamatus on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA), quoted section by section
What it does
Paratylenchus hamatus is a migratory endoparasite which means it retains its vermiform shape during its adult life. Because of their close association with host root systems, pin nematodes are easily spread from field to field through the transportation of already infected soil and plant parts. Paratylenchus spp. females generally lay eggs one at a time and can lay up to 4 eggs per day when feeding on host tissue. When eggs hatch 7 or 8 days after laying, the juvenile nematodes seek out plant roots to feed upon. Young, easily penetrated root tips appear to be the main food source for juveniles, which have smaller stylets compared to their adult counterparts. All pin nematodes feed on root epidermal cells and will migrate to a new feeding site once the nutrients have been depleted. As they feed and grow, juvenile pin nematodes will go through a series of four molts, growing a new stylet and outer cuticle each time. When the fourth juvenile stage (J4 or preadult) is reached, the nematodes may enter a survival stage in which they are resistant to unfavorable conditions such as low soil moisture, extreme temperatures, and lack of food. The preadults can survive over 4 years when in this state despite not feeding, as their stylets are diminished and do not function properly. The survival stage is not produced in conditions that favor functions such as feeding and reproduction. …
Wikipedia: “Life cycle”
Where it lives
Recorded sightings
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geo-referenced records in GBIF, from museums, herbaria and field observers.
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In the stacks
Searching the stacks…
Every page naming Paratylenchus hamatus in the Biodiversity Heritage Library →
This page is assembled live from iNaturalist, GBIF, Wikipedia, the Source Library and the Internet Archive. It is not yet part of the hand-edited codex. iNaturalist taxon 681880.