Itatiaia Robber Frog

description

Basanitia nigriventris — Bokermann, 1966: first combination with Basanitia. Modification of one of the type localities, “ Serra do Cubatão ” corrected to Paranapiacaba, Santo André municipality. Eleutherodactylus nigriventris — Lynch 1968: first combination with Eleutherodactylus. Eleutherodactylus nigroventris — Lynch 1976: Misspelling for Eleutherodactylus nigriventris. Eleutherodactylus nigriventris — Heyer, 1985: designation of a lectotype and restriction of the type locality to Paranapiacaba, Santo André municipality. Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) nigriventris — Lynch & Duellman, 1997. Ischnocnema nigriventris — Heinicke, Duellman & Hedges, 2007: first combination with Ischnocnema. Lectotype: AL-MN 719, a juvenile male from Paranapiacaba, Santo André municipality, state of São Paulo, Brazil, designated by Heyer (1985). Paralectotypes: AL-MN 721, USNM 96846, juveniles, both from Paranapiacaba, Santo André municipality, state of São Paulo, Brazil. AL-MN 720 juvenile of Ischnocnema guentheri (see Heyer, 1985) from Paranapiacaba, Santo André municipality, state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Rediscovery and re-description of Ischnocnema nigriventris (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Terrarana: Brachycephalidae)

description

Ischnocnema nigriventris is allocated to the Ischnocnema lactea species series (sensu Canedo and Haddad, 2012). The species series includes species with tibia length IV> II> I; disk of first finger smaller than second; disks of the third and fourth wider than second; except for Finger I, which is rounded and not expanded, the others are expanded and are emarginated with ungual flap notched in dorsal view (see figs. 3 and 4 in Savage 1987); Fringes or webbing absent; palmar and thenar tubercles weakly developed; Finger I and Finger II with only one subarticular tubercle; Finger III and Finger IV with two subarticular tubercles; supernumerary tubercles absent; translucent nuptial pad on Finger I of most adult males (80 %), divided into two parts: one obscures the medial margin of the thenar tubercle and the other occupies the medial margin of the base of the thumb. Legs slender; thigh and tibia slightly longer than SVL in males, and barely shorter than SVL in females; tibia length 50 % of male SVL, and 48 % of female SVL; feet not webbed, and foot length corresponding to 50 % SVL; Toe length IV> V = III> II> I; Toe I disk is rounded and not expanded, the others are expanded emargin

Rediscovery and re-description of Ischnocnema nigriventris (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Terrarana: Brachycephalidae)

description

vizottoi, I. melanopygia, I. gehrti, I. lactea, I. paranaensis, I. spanios, and I. randorum); in life, bright yellow or orange mottling or as blotches in the inguinal region and hidden areas of hind limbs (no bright coloration in these areas occur in I. concolor, I. vizottoi, and I. paranaensis; the coloration in life is unknown for I. lactea and I. gehrti; I holti presents red or orange coloration in the inguinal region but not mottled or as blotches); iris silver with a ventral yellowish copper band (iris green in I. holti, dorsally bluish in I. spanios, golden to lemon yellow in I. randorum, I. melanopygia, I. concolor, and I vizottoi, and dark violet in I. lactea; not reported for I. gehrti and I. paranaensis); snout nearly rounded in dorsal view (truncate in I. gehrti, the others are also nearly rounded, rounded or sub-acuminate with no substantial difference; head wider than long (head longer than wide in I. melanopygia, I. randorum, and I. spanios). Ischnocnema nigriventris differs from species in the I. guentheri species series by having a tibia length shorter than 55 % of SVL; snout nearly rounded in dorsal view; disks expanded and emarginated; translucent glandular nuptia

Rediscovery and re-description of Ischnocnema nigriventris (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Terrarana: Brachycephalidae)

diagnosis

Diagnosis. Ischnocnema nigriventris can be distinguished from other Ischnocnema by the following combination of character states: (1) snout short and nearly rounded in dorsal view and rounded in profile view; (2) head wider than long; (3) prominent conical tubercles on the upper eyelid; (4) first finger shorter than second; (5) disks on fingers II – IV expanded and emarginated, with ungual flap notched in dorsal view; (6) translucent, double glandular nuptial pad on the thumbs of males; (7) vomerine teeth present; (8) single vocal sac not expanded externally; (9) skin on dorsum shagreen with tubercles or warts, flanks, belly and posterior portion of thighs areolate (10) prominent calcar on the heel; tibia length <55 % SVL; (11) In life, iris silver with a ventral yellowish copper band; inguinal region and hidden areas of hind limbs with yellow mottling in males and orange mottling in females; (12) advertisement call composed of two to four non-pulsed notes with the first one differentiated by its lower intensity and frequency. Comparison with other species of Ischnocnema. Ischnocnema nigriventris is distinguished from all other species of the I. lactea species as follows (character

Rediscovery and re-description of Ischnocnema nigriventris (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Terrarana: Brachycephalidae)